Three Oaks, Michigan
Population, housing costs, incomes, jobs, commuting and climate in Three Oaks, compared with Michigan and the U.S. using Census records and their margins of error.
Three Oaks village · Incorporated village · Census GEOID 2679720 · Michigan directory
- Population · July 1, 2025
- 1,390 PEP Vintage 2025
- Change · 2024 to 2025
- -0.4% -5 residents
- Household income
- $66,985 ACS 2020–2024 · ±$7,104
- Home value
- $215,700 ACS 2020–2024 · ±$28,037
- Monthly gross rent
- $1,074 ACS 2020–2024 · ±$125
- Median age
- 36.3 years ACS 2020–2024 · ±4.6
Three Oaks is an incorporated village in Berrien County, Michigan, part of the Niles, MI metropolitan area. With 1,390 residents on July 1, 2025, it ranks 310th in Michigan and 9,034th nationally among Census places. Its population fell by 5 (0.4%) in the year to July 2025; since April 2020 it has declined 2.1%. Median gross rent in the 2020–2024 survey is $1,074 a month, 4.9% below the Michigan median. Median household income is $66,985, 8.1% below the Michigan median.
Detailed demographics → Housing and cost-of-living context →
What stands out in Three Oaks?
Compared with other Michigan places, Three Oaks is most distinctive for fewer long commutes, slower population growth and more people without health insurance. Each statement below uses reliable estimates only, and survey differences from the state exceed their combined 90% margin of error.
- Commutes of 45 minutes or longer: 5.1%, 7.8 percentage points below the Michigan rate (12.9%); lower than 97% of 305 Michigan places with reliable estimates. Only 6 of 305 Michigan places with reliable estimates are lower.
- Population change since April 2020: -2.1%; lower than 79% of 532 Michigan places with reliable estimates.
- People without health insurance: 8.1%, 3.1 percentage points above the Michigan rate (4.9%); higher than 75% of 178 Michigan places with reliable estimates.
How Three Oaks compares with Michigan and the U.S.
| Measure | Three Oaks | Michigan | U.S. | Position in Michigan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population change since April 2020 PEP Vintage 2025 | -2.1% | — | — | lower than 79% of 532 Michigan places |
| Residents per square mile of land PEP 2025 / Gazetteer 2025 | 1,272 | — | — | higher than 58% of 533 Michigan places |
| Median household income B19013 | $66,985 ±$7,104 | $72,875 | $80,734 | higher than 64% of 510 Michigan places |
| Median home value B25077 | $215,700 ±$28,037 | $231,600 | $332,700 | higher than 73% of 522 Michigan places |
| Median real estate taxes paid B25103 | $1,936 ±$147 | $2,904 | $3,119 | lower than 56% of 520 Michigan places |
| Median gross rent B25064 | $1,074 ±$125 | $1,129 | $1,413 | higher than 75% of 474 Michigan places |
| Renters paying 30%+ of income on rent B25070 | 47.0% ±13.5 pp | 50.4% | 51.1% | lower than 55% of 318 Michigan places |
| Homeownership rate B25003 | 69.0% ±13.9 pp | 73.2% | 65.2% | lower than 58% of 529 Michigan places |
| Median age B01002 | 36.3 years ±4.6 | 40.2 years | 38.9 years | lower than 73% of 530 Michigan places |
| Adults 25+ with a bachelor’s degree or higher B15003 | 27.6% ±6.9 pp | 32.4% | 35.7% | higher than 64% of 433 Michigan places |
| Poverty rate B17001 | 9.1% ±4.4 pp | 13.2% | 12.5% | lower than 78% of 331 Michigan places |
| People without health insurance B27010 | 8.1% ±2.8 pp | 4.9% | 8.4% | higher than 75% of 178 Michigan places |
| Households with a broadband subscription B28002 | 91.2% ±0.7 pp | 90.5% | 91.0% | higher than 62% of 525 Michigan places |
| Unemployment rate (civilian labor force) B23025 | 5.2% ±3.4 pp · low precision | 5.7% | 5.2% | Not ranked: low precision |
| Foreign-born residents B05002 | 8.3% ±4.4 pp · low precision | 7.2% | 14.1% | Not ranked: low precision |
| Jobs located in the place per 100 residents LODES 8.4 / PEP | 33.3 | — | — | lower than 64% of 415 Michigan places |
| Change in local jobs since 2019 LODES 8.4 | -8.6% | — | — | lower than 61% of 377 Michigan places |
| Workers who work from home B08301 | 15.2% ±5.9 pp | 13.5% | 15.1% | higher than 63% of 215 Michigan places |
| Commutes of 45 minutes or longer B08303 | 5.1% ±2.4 pp | 12.9% | 16.5% | lower than 97% of 305 Michigan places |
| Households without a vehicle B08201 | 4.9% ±3.2 pp · low precision | 7.0% | 8.4% | Not ranked: low precision |
Positions compare Three Oaks with Michigan places in this directory whose estimate has a coefficient of variation of 30% or less (survey measures) or a published PEP value. The marker runs from the lowest value (left) to the highest (right); it is a description, not a score or a recommendation. 3 measures are shown in grey because the survey margin of error is too wide to rank reliably.
How many people live in Three Oaks?
The latest official estimate is 1,390 residents on July 1, 2025. It ranks 9,034th by population nationally and 310th in Michigan among this directory’s PEP places. Population changed by 5 residents between the 2024 and 2025 estimates. These are annual estimates, not census enumerations.
| Reference date | Population | Change from previous estimate |
|---|---|---|
| July 1, 2020 | 1,418 | Separate from April 2020 base |
| July 1, 2021 | 1,407 | -11 |
| July 1, 2022 | 1,398 | -9 |
| July 1, 2023 | 1,392 | -6 |
| July 1, 2024 | 1,395 | +3 |
| July 1, 2025 | 1,390 | -5 |
From the revised April 2020 base to July 2025, the change is −30 residents (-2.1%). This is a within-vintage comparison. Boundary adjustments can affect both the estimates and their interpretation.
Download this population chart (SVG) · Official population release
Where are the boundaries?
- Entity and stable identifier
- Three Oaks village, Michigan · Incorporated village · 2679720
- Counties or equivalents · 2025 boundaries
- Berrien County
- Metropolitan or micropolitan context · July 2023 delineations
- Niles, MI — Metropolitan Statistical Area County associations use Census PEP county place parts. Each county is matched by FIPS code to the official CBSA list; a city can span several counties or statistical areas. A missing association can reflect an area outside a CBSA or changed county codes between vintages. City figures on this page remain place-level statistics.
- Land area
- 1.1 square miles · 2025 Gazetteer
- Water area
- 0.0 square miles · 2025 Gazetteer
- Approximate population density
- 1,272 residents per square mile of land
- Internal point
- 41.798529°, -86.613904° · Census geographic reference point
Density divides the July 2025 estimate by 2025 Gazetteer land area, so it is approximate. The internal point is a locator, not an address. Census place profile reference .
Income and poverty
| Measure / survey universe | City estimate ± MOE | State estimate ± MOE | U.S. estimate ± MOE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income Households · USD/year | $66,985 ±$7,104 | $72,875 ±$293 | $80,734 ±$166 |
| Per-capita income Total population · USD/year | $40,625 ±$12,124 | $40,735 ±$166 | $44,673 ±$122 |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Below the poverty level | 137 ±72 · low precision | 9.1% ±4.4 pp |
Household income combines the incomes of everyone in a household; per-capita income divides all income by every resident. The poverty rate is 9.1% (±4.4 percentage points) under the official Census definition.
Home values, rent and tenure
| Measure / survey universe | City estimate ± MOE | State estimate ± MOE | U.S. estimate ± MOE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median owner-occupied home value Owner-occupied housing units · USD | $215,700 ±$28,037 | $231,600 ±$642 | $332,700 ±$236 |
| Median gross rent Renter-occupied units paying cash rent · USD/month | $1,074 ±$125 | $1,129 ±$4 | $1,413 ±$2 |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Owner occupied | 378 ±52 | 69.0% ±13.9 pp |
| Renter occupied | 170 ±57 | 31.0% ±9.3 pp |
Owner-occupied units make up 69.0% of occupied housing. Gross rent includes estimated tenant-paid utilities and home values are owners’ own estimates; both cover 2020–2024 leases and homes rather than current listings. The median home value is 3.2 times the median household income.
See housing units, occupancy, rent burden and homeowner costs .
Monthly rent by bedroom count
| Bedrooms | Monthly gross rent | 90% margin of error | Precision |
|---|---|---|---|
| No bedroom (studio) | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| 1 bedroom | $914 | ±$116 | Estimate with MOE |
| 2 bedrooms | $1,089 | ±$292 | Estimate with MOE |
| 3 bedrooms | $1,125 | ±$63 | Estimate with MOE |
| 4 bedrooms | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| 5 or more bedrooms | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
Census table B25031 describes renter-occupied units paying cash rent within this exact place geography. Gross rent includes contract rent and estimated tenant-paid utilities. These survey medians include existing leases across 2020–2024; they are not current apartment listings. Missing categories stay unavailable, and open-ended medians remain ranges. Small bedroom categories can have large margins of error. Download source values and provenance .
Employment among residents
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| In the labor force | 832 ±169 | 75.0% ±9.7 pp |
| Not in the labor force | 277 ±55 | 25.0% ±3.0 pp |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Civilian employed | 789 ±161 | 94.8% ±1.8 pp |
| Civilian unemployed | 43 ±30 · low precision | 5.2% ±3.4 pp · low precision |
These estimates describe residents of Three Oaks wherever they work; jobs at workplaces inside the city appear under jobs located in Three Oaks. They are 2020–2024 averages, not a current monthly unemployment rate.
Which industries employ residents?
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services is the largest of the published broad industry groups among employed residents: 18.4% (145 people; ±5.1 percentage points). The estimate covers residents’ industries wherever they work, rather than employers located inside the place.
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting and mining | 0 ±16 · low precision | 0.0% ±2.0 pp · low precision |
| Construction | 41 ±18 | 5.2% ±2.0 pp |
| Manufacturing | 134 ±42 | 17.0% ±4.0 pp |
| Wholesale trade | 0 ±16 · low precision | 0.0% ±2.0 pp · low precision |
| Retail trade | 57 ±29 · low precision | 7.2% ±3.4 pp |
| Transportation, warehousing and utilities | 93 ±69 · low precision | 11.8% ±8.4 pp · low precision |
| Information | 0 ±16 · low precision | 0.0% ±2.0 pp · low precision |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 50 ±30 · low precision | 6.3% ±3.5 pp · low precision |
| Professional, scientific, management, administrative and waste services | 138 ±64 | 17.5% ±7.2 pp |
| Education, health care and social assistance | 87 ±41 | 11.0% ±4.7 pp |
| Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services | 145 ±50 | 18.4% ±5.1 pp |
| Other services, except public administration | 24 ±14 · low precision | 3.0% ±1.7 pp · low precision |
| Public administration | 20 ±14 · low precision | 2.5% ±1.8 pp · low precision |
Occupations among employed residents
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Management, business, science and arts | 256 ±74 | 32.4% ±6.7 pp |
| Service occupations | 196 ±73 | 24.8% ±7.7 pp |
| Sales and office | 131 ±48 | 16.6% ±5.0 pp |
| Natural resources, construction and maintenance | 45 ±25 · low precision | 5.7% ±2.9 pp · low precision |
| Production, transportation and material moving | 161 ±71 | 20.4% ±7.9 pp |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Management occupations | 86 ±39 | 10.9% ±4.4 pp |
| Computer and mathematical occupations | 6 ±14 · low precision | 0.8% ±1.7 pp · low precision |
| Educational instruction and library occupations | 20 ±13 · low precision | 2.5% ±1.6 pp · low precision |
| Health practitioners and technical occupations | 18 ±16 · low precision | 2.3% ±2.0 pp · low precision |
| Sales and related occupations | 70 ±36 · low precision | 8.9% ±4.2 pp |
| Transportation occupations | 83 ±67 · low precision | 10.5% ±8.2 pp · low precision |
The detailed groups are subsets of the broad groups and should not be added to them.
How residents get to work
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Drove alone | 473 ±93 | 60.5% ±17.3 pp |
| Carpooled | 111 ±72 · low precision | 14.2% ±8.7 pp · low precision |
| Public transportation | 3 ±4 · low precision | 0.4% ±0.5 pp · low precision |
| Taxi or ride-hailing | 0 ±11 · low precision | 0.0% ±1.4 pp · low precision |
| Motorcycle | 0 ±11 · low precision | 0.0% ±1.4 pp · low precision |
| Bicycle | 3 ±4 · low precision | 0.4% ±0.5 pp · low precision |
| Walked | 50 ±37 · low precision | 6.4% ±4.5 pp · low precision |
| Other means | 23 ±27 · low precision | 2.9% ±3.4 pp · low precision |
| Worked from home | 119 ±52 | 15.2% ±5.9 pp |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| Under 15 minutes | 320 ±87 | 48.3% ±7.9 pp |
| 15–29 minutes | 170 ±48 | 25.6% ±4.6 pp |
| 30–44 minutes | 139 ±75 · low precision | 21.0% ±10.3 pp |
| 45–59 minutes | 19 ±13 · low precision | 2.9% ±1.9 pp · low precision |
| 60 minutes or longer | 15 ±12 · low precision | 2.3% ±1.7 pp · low precision |
| Category | Count ± MOE | Share ± MOE (pp) |
|---|---|---|
| No vehicle available | 27 ±18 · low precision | 4.9% ±3.2 pp · low precision |
Travel times cover workers who did not work from home. Vehicle availability is counted per household, not per driver.
Households and residents
Median age is 36.3 years (±4.6). The demographic profile covers age groups, race and Hispanic origin, household types, nativity, languages, education and moves, each compared with Michigan and the U.S.
How many jobs are located in Three Oaks?
Employers in Three Oaks reported 469 jobs in 2021, -8.6% compared with 2019 (513 jobs). That is 33.3 jobs for every 100 residents in the July 2021 population estimate. These are jobs at workplaces inside the city limits, wherever the workers live, unlike resident employment figures. 2021 is the latest year Michigan has supplied to this dataset.
| Industry | Jobs | Share of local jobs | Michigan share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retail trade | 212 | 45.2% | 10.9% |
| Manufacturing | 81 | 17.3% | 14.5% |
| Wholesale trade | 42 | 9.0% | 4.1% |
| Educational services | 25 | 5.3% | 7.9% |
| Public administration | 21 | 4.5% | 3.6% |
| Accommodation and food services | 20 | 4.3% | 7.6% |
| Health care and social assistance | 18 | 3.8% | 16.1% |
| Finance and insurance | 15 | 3.2% | 4.1% |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 15 | 3.2% | 7.5% |
| Construction | 8 | 1.7% | 4.3% |
| Information | 6 | 1.3% | 1.4% |
| Other services, except public administration | 4 | 0.9% | 3.1% |
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 1 | 0.2% | 0.1% |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 1 | 0.2% | 0.9% |
| Group | Jobs | Share | Michigan share |
|---|---|---|---|
| $1,250 a month or less | 106 | 22.6% | 19.1% |
| $1,251 to $3,333 a month | 170 | 36.2% | 28.1% |
| More than $3,333 a month | 193 | 41.2% | 52.8% |
| Age 29 or younger | 124 | 26.4% | 23.4% |
| Age 30 to 54 | 232 | 49.5% | 52.7% |
| Age 55 or older | 113 | 24.1% | 24.0% |
Retail trade is the largest sector for jobs located in Three Oaks (45.2% of local jobs, compared with 10.9% statewide). Earnings bands describe what each job pays per month, not household income, and a worker can hold more than one job.
Source: Census LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES) 8.4, workplace area characteristics, all jobs, second-quarter reference date. Census blocks are summed to 2024 place boundaries. Includes private, state and local government and federal civilian jobs; excludes self-employment, military and informal work. Counts include confidentiality noise and are less precise for small places.
Nearby station climate normals
LAPORTE, IN (NOAA station USC00124837) is approximately 22.9 km from this place’s Census internal point. The table describes that station’s 1991–2020 climate normals, using NOAA’s corrected version 1.0.1. It is historical station context, rather than a forecast or an average across the city.
| Month | Average daily high (°F) | Average daily low (°F) | Precipitation (inches) |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 31.2 | 17.3 | 3.01 |
| February | 35.1 | 20.3 | 2.52 |
| March | 46.0 | 28.7 | 2.70 |
| April | 58.8 | 39.3 | 3.77 |
| May | 70.0 | 50.0 | 4.33 |
| June | 78.9 | 59.7 | 4.38 |
| July | 82.1 | 64.0 | 4.04 |
| August | 80.3 | 62.8 | 4.22 |
| September | 74.4 | 55.2 | 3.38 |
| October | 62.0 | 43.9 | 4.11 |
| November | 47.7 | 32.9 | 3.24 |
| December | 36.2 | 23.5 | 2.85 |
Station location: 41.6117°, -86.7297°; elevation 246.6 meters. We select the nearest station within 25 km with all 12 months of high/low temperature and precipitation marked “S” (standard) by NOAA. Standard normals meet NOAA’s data-availability rules and can include estimated missing months. Distance is a straight-line great-circle calculation from the Census internal point. Coastal exposure, elevation and urban conditions can differ between the station and an address. NOAA normals and definitions · Original station CSV · Retained station data, flags and matching details .
Check a specific address before moving
City averages help compare places. A particular home’s school assignment, transit service and flood-map coverage need checks at the address.
- FEMA Flood Map Service Center — search the address, read the effective map and its date, and check any map changes. An unmapped location does not establish an absence of flood risk.
- NCES public school district directory — find district contact information, then use the district’s official address locator or enrollment office to confirm school assignment. A city name or district boundary alone does not assign a school.
- FCC National Broadband Map — check reported service at the exact location, then confirm availability and terms with the provider.
- Check the official transit operator’s route map and timetable for the address and your actual travel hours; the citywide commuting shares above do not measure service on a particular street.
Sources and data notes
Population: Census PEP Vintage 2025, published May 14, 2026. Survey measures: ACS 2020–2024 five-year estimates, published January 29, 2026, dollar figures in 2024 dollars. Geography: Census 2025 Gazetteer, with simplified 2024 state outlines for the locator. Statistical estimates and derived values use the same retained records in profiles, comparison, filters and downloads.
Climate uses NOAA 1991–2020 station normals (v1.0.1); jobs located in the city use LEHD LODES 8.4. Crime, school assignments and hazard scores are not inferred from these datasets, and missing values are never treated as zero. Inspect original sources, read calculation details, download this place’s source observations , or submit a correction.