Española, New Mexico demographics

Española, NM demographics: median age 35.7; 18.3% of adults 25+ hold a bachelor’s degree. Age, race, households, languages and education, ACS 2020–2024 with margins of error.

ACS 2020–2024 · Española city, New Mexico · Incorporated city · GEOID 3525170. The survey estimates a population of 10,473 for its five-year window. This is separate from the annual July 2025 population estimate on the city overview.

Median age in Española is 35.7 years, with a 90% margin of error of 2.1 years. There are 4,132 households (±266). Age and household distributions show how these totals are composed; they do not establish which neighborhood suits a particular person.

Every count and share is an estimate. “±” is a 90% margin of error (MOE); pp means percentage points. Derived shares use the category count divided by the named universe. Aggregated category MOEs and percentage MOEs are approximate. A margin larger than half its estimate is flagged as low precision. Blank source uncertainty is shown as unavailable, never zero.

Age distribution and sex

City, state and U.S. estimates · ACS 2020–2024
Measure / survey universe	City estimate ± MOE	State estimate ± MOE	U.S. estimate ± MOE
Median age Total population · years	35.7 ±2.1	39.4 ±0.1	38.9 ±0.1

Age groups · B01001 · ACS 2020–2024 Total population: 10,473
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Under 18	2,570 ±261	24.5% ±2.5 pp	21.7%	22.0%
18–34	2,590 ±302	24.7% ±2.9 pp	22.5%	22.8%
35–64	3,419 ±294	32.6% ±2.8 pp	36.5%	38.0%
65 and older	1,894 ±257	18.1% ±2.4 pp	19.3%	17.2%

Sex categories as published by ACS · B01001 · ACS 2020–2024 Total population: 10,473
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Male	4,986 ±206	47.6% ±2.0 pp	49.7%	49.5%
Female	5,487 ±204	52.4% ±1.9 pp	50.3%	50.5%

The age groups are mutually exclusive and cover the entire population. The sex categories follow this ACS table’s published classification; they are not a survey of gender identity.

Race and Hispanic origin

Race · B02001 · ACS 2020–2024 Total population: 10,473
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
White alone	2,169 ±296	20.7% ±2.8 pp	47.8%	61.0%
Black or African American alone	143 ±96 · low precision	1.4% ±0.9 pp · low precision	2.1%	12.2%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone	498 ±156	4.8% ±1.5 pp	9.5%	0.9%
Asian alone	113 ±60 · low precision	1.1% ±0.6 pp · low precision	1.8%	6.0%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone	0 ±21 · low precision	0.0% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.1%	0.2%
Some other race alone	4,584 ±541	43.8% ±5.2 pp	13.0%	7.1%
Two or more races	2,966 ±528	28.3% ±5.0 pp	25.8%	12.6%

Hispanic or Latino origin · B03003 · ACS 2020–2024 Total population: 10,473
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,926 ±294	18.4% ±2.8 pp	51.6%	80.7%
Hispanic or Latino	8,547 ±297	81.6% ±2.8 pp	48.4%	19.3%

Hispanic origin and race are separate questions. People of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race and appear in both tables. Do not add the Hispanic share to race shares. Race alone and two-or-more-race groups are the mutually exclusive categories of the race table.

Household types, children and living alone

Household types · B11001 · ACS 2020–2024 Households: 4,132
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Married-couple family	1,381 ±147	33.4% ±2.8 pp	40.9%	46.9%
Other family: male householder, no spouse present	393 ±89	9.5% ±2.1 pp	6.4%	5.1%
Other family: female householder, no spouse present	808 ±133	19.6% ±3.0 pp	13.6%	12.2%
Nonfamily: householder living alone	1,351 ±214	32.7% ±4.7 pp	32.4%	28.7%
Nonfamily: householder not living alone	199 ±61	4.8% ±1.4 pp	6.7%	7.0%

Households with children · B11005 · ACS 2020–2024 Households: 4,132
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Households with people under 18	1,272 ±172	30.8% ±3.7 pp	27.5%	29.5%
Households without people under 18	2,860 ±296	69.2% ±5.6 pp	72.5%	70.5%

Household size · B11016 · ACS 2020–2024 Households: 4,132
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
One-person nonfamily households	1,351 ±214	32.7% ±4.7 pp	32.4%	28.7%
Two-person households	1,309 ±193	31.7% ±4.2 pp	34.3%	33.8%
Three-person households	626 ±131	15.2% ±3.0 pp	13.8%	15.3%
Four-person households	489 ±114	11.8% ±2.7 pp	10.9%	12.6%
Five-person households	216 ±103	5.2% ±2.5 pp	5.4%	5.9%
Six-person households	109 ±45	2.6% ±1.1 pp	1.9%	2.2%
Seven or more people	32 ±28 · low precision	0.8% ±0.7 pp · low precision	1.3%	1.4%

A family household contains related people under the Census definition. A nonfamily household can contain one person or unrelated people sharing a home. Households with children can also appear in the household-type and size tables, so those tables must not be added together. Household estimates exclude people living in group quarters from the household universe.

Nativity and languages spoken at home

Nativity · B05002 · ACS 2020–2024 Total population: 10,473
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Native	8,991 ±285	85.8% ±2.7 pp	90.6%	85.9%
Foreign born	1,482 ±275	14.2% ±2.6 pp	9.4%	14.1%

Language spoken at home · C16001 · ACS 2020–2024 Population age 5 and older: 9,940
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
English only	4,118 ±424	41.4% ±4.2 pp	68.7%	77.7%
Spanish	5,505 ±426	55.4% ±4.2 pp	24.5%	13.6%
French, Haitian, or Cajun	0 ±21 · low precision	0.0% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.2%	0.7%
German or other West Germanic	5 ±7 · low precision	0.1% ±0.1 pp · low precision	0.3%	0.5%
Russian, Polish, or other Slavic	0 ±21 · low precision	0.0% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.1%	0.7%
Other Indo-European	4 ±6 · low precision	0.0% ±0.1 pp · low precision	0.5%	2.0%
Korean	0 ±21 · low precision	0.0% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.1%	0.3%
Chinese, including Mandarin and Cantonese	10 ±11 · low precision	0.1% ±0.1 pp · low precision	0.2%	1.1%
Vietnamese	9 ±12 · low precision	0.1% ±0.1 pp · low precision	0.2%	0.5%
Tagalog, including Filipino	100 ±61 · low precision	1.0% ±0.6 pp · low precision	0.3%	0.6%
Other Asian and Pacific Island	9 ±12 · low precision	0.1% ±0.1 pp · low precision	0.2%	1.1%
Arabic	0 ±21 · low precision	0.0% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.1%	0.5%
Other and unspecified	180 ±73	1.8% ±0.7 pp	4.5%	0.8%

Foreign born means not a U.S. citizen at birth; it includes naturalized citizens. Language categories describe speech at home among people age five and older. A language other than English at home does not establish that someone cannot speak English. This city page uses the published C16001 summary categories because the more detailed B16001 table does not provide these city records in this release.

Educational attainment

Highest completed education · B15003 · ACS 2020–2024 Population age 25 and older: 6,585
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Less than high school graduate	1,150 ±230	17.5% ±3.4 pp	12.0%	10.4%
High school graduate or equivalency	2,220 ±291	33.7% ±4.1 pp	25.7%	26.0%
Some college, no degree	1,413 ±207	21.5% ±2.9 pp	22.2%	19.1%
Associate’s degree	594 ±139	9.0% ±2.1 pp	9.2%	8.8%
Bachelor’s degree	788 ±165	12.0% ±2.4 pp	17.1%	21.6%
Graduate or professional degree	420 ±98	6.4% ±1.4 pp	13.9%	14.1%

The denominator excludes residents under 25. Each person is counted in the highest attainment category they completed. This table does not measure the quality of local schools or the education level of every current student.

Residence one year earlier

Geographic mobility · B07003 · ACS 2020–2024 Population age 1 and older: 10,400
Category	Count ± MOE	Share ± MOE (pp)	New Mexico	U.S.
Same house	9,761 ±155	93.9% ±1.4 pp	88.1%	87.7%
Moved within same county	193 ±81	1.9% ±0.8 pp	6.2%	6.3%
Moved from a different county in the same state	360 ±104	3.5% ±1.0 pp	2.1%	3.1%
Moved from a different state	69 ±32	0.7% ±0.3 pp	3.0%	2.3%
Moved from abroad	17 ±23 · low precision	0.2% ±0.2 pp · low precision	0.5%	0.6%

These are respondents’ residence patterns one year before their survey response, pooled across the five-year window. They are not a net migration count for 2025. A person can move to a different house within the same city or county; moves within the same county should not automatically be interpreted as new arrivals to the city.

Health insurance, internet access and veterans

12.0% of Española residents (±1.9 percentage points) had no health insurance coverage when surveyed, compared with 9.6% in New Mexico and 8.4% nationally. 71.8% of households subscribe to broadband of any type, including cellular data plans. A subscription is not the same as available service: the FCC National Broadband Map shows providers at a specific address.

City, state and U.S. shares · ACS 2020–2024
Measure	Española	New Mexico	U.S.	Compared with New Mexico
People without health insurance Civilian noninstitutionalized population	12.0% ±1.9 pp	9.6%	8.4%	Higher
Households with a broadband subscription Households	71.8% ±6.5 pp	86.5%	91.0%	Lower
Veterans Civilian population age 18 and older	3.6% ±0.8 pp	7.9%	6.2%	Lower

Reading and reusing the estimates

The Census table links above lead to the original detailed tables. Counts, source universes and uncertainty are retained in the source observation download for Española . Compare these figures with the same survey window; do not compare one city’s five-year estimate with another city’s annual estimate as though they measured the same period. For methods, see uncertainty and denominator calculations.

Read Española housing and cost context or return to the city profile.